S&M means sadomasochism: consensual adult play involving the giving or receiving of intense sensations, including pain, within agreed limits. It is one part of the broader BDSM umbrella, and it is not a label that tells anyone exactly what they must enjoy or do.
Sadism, Masochism, and Roles Are Different Things
Sadism and masochism describe an interest in giving or receiving sensation. Dominant and submissive describe a negotiated power-exchange role. A person can be a sadist, a masochist, both, or neither; separately, they may be dominant, submissive, or a switch who enjoys more than one role. These preferences do not prescribe a personality or a fixed relationship structure.
BDSM can include other consensual practices, such as bondage, that are related to but distinct from S&M. Tools and accessories are optional; they do not define an S&M interest. Adults considering restraints can review bondage gear only after discussing what they want to try and how they will pause or stop.
Consent, Boundaries, and Communication
Before a scene, everyone involved should discuss the activity, boundaries, intensity, and what is off limits. Agree on a clear stop signal or safeword that anyone can use, and treat it as a reason to pause or stop. Consent is specific to the activity and can be withdrawn at any time.
Communication continues during and after play. Checking in can help people notice when something has changed, while aftercare is time to reconnect and talk about what felt good, what did not, and what each person needs next. Clear, respectful conversation matters more than fitting a particular label.